Thursday, October 31, 2019

Evidence based practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evidence based practice - Essay Example DEFINITIONS AND BRIEF IMPORTANCE OF CLINICAL PRACTICE The term evidence-based practice (EBP) or empirically-supported treatment (EST) refers to preferential use of mental and behavioral health interventions for which systematic empirical research has provided evidence of statistically significant effectiveness as treatments for specific problems. (Thomas & Pring, 2005) A way in which this benefits medicine would be in studying the effects of cannabis. This drug has been found to share commonality with schizophrenia. Immunology research has found common receptors located in in immune cells, spleen macrophages, to be specific. These have the ability to alter immune cell migration and cytokine-release within body tissues and in the brain, these receptors tend to be abnormal in schizophrenia patients. More findings that hint at a larger relationship between, not cannabis itself – but receptors it depends on, and a biological predisposition towards schizophrenia. Research such as t his can bring nurses and medical technologists more fully into the treatment of psychiatric care. (Cabral & Staab, 2005) (Gong et al, 2006) An additional definition would be: "Evidence based medicine is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. â€Å"Sackett et al's (1996, 71-72) And in this clinicians must integrate personal clinical expertise with the most cutting-edge external clinical evidence from systematic research. Another vital factor in Evidence-based practice is quality or performance improvement; how to streamline services in order to maximize the most efficient use of resources? (Bayea & Slattery, 2006) By definition: Performance Improvement (PI) is a method for analyzing performance problems and setting up systems to ensure good performance. PI is applied most effectively to groups of workers within the same organization or performing similar jobs. (Intrahealth.org 2011) A possibl e example would be to make systematized evaluations of patient needs based on probabilities. For instance, schizophrenics have a 25% higher proclivity towards illicit drug abuse than the general population. (Jablensky, 2000) Also, in studies of the neuropathology of the psychiatric disorder schizophrenia, findings have emerged which link the condition to brain receptors that are actually susceptible to molecules of cannabis. Schizophrenia is a challenging psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 0.4% amongst the general population. (Desfosses et al. 2010) This can inform clinical choices, and influence the circumstances under which certain batteries of tests are ordered, and for whom, saving time and money. PART 2 ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND RATIONALE I have chosen for the exploration of Evidence-based Practice a linkage between susceptibility to cannabis, and the neurological disorder, schizophrenia. Clinical research has established a connection, and where such a ssociations occur, it behooves clinicians to explore the phenomenon to aid diagnostic tools. Among the atypical antipsychotics used to treat schizophrenia, there are risks factors. Among these medications is clozapine (Clozaril). It is a

Monday, October 28, 2019

Assignment in English Essay Example for Free

Assignment in English Essay A good listener can easily respond if he/she possesses an effective listening if they can evaluate the meanings, sound patterns and the vocabulary of each words. (Rost, 2002) defines listening, in its broadest sense, as a process of receiving what the speaker actually says (receptive orientation); constructing and representing meaning (constructive orientation); negotiating meaning with the speaker and responding (collaborative orientation); and, creating meaning through involvement, imagination and empathy (transformative orientation). In the process of communication, 40% came from listening while speaking have only 35%. It means that listening is the most important tool in communication process. It may become ineffective if the listener have some difficulties in recognizing the sound pattern and the structure of each words. It may also affect the communication procedure when there is misunderstanding to the speaker through its barriers which is the noise. And most of the time, the listener itself lose their attention and interest to the topic which can affects the relationship between the speaker and listener. So they should motivate their listeners so that they will continue in delivering their messages to their respective audience. There are three levels of listening; each is characterized by certain behaviors that affect listening effectiveness. Level 1 has the highest potential for understanding, retention and effective communication; level 3 has the lowest. These are general categories to help us understand our listening; they overlap and interchange depending on the situation. All of us listen at different levels of effectiveness throughout the day, as the circumstances and people around us change. For example, it is difficult for most people to listen effectively in the midst of a highly conflicted situation, when they are dealing with emotional people, when they are being criticized, when they are being corrected, or when they are feeling fearful, anxious, or angry. Others listen very effectively when they are working or ministering, only to tune out when they arrive home. These are the three levels of listening; a. ) the active listening that gives the full attention to listening when another is talking and focuses on what is being said and doesn’t allow the distraction but fully alert and engaged; b. the passive listening where the listener hears words but does not really listen because he couldn’t really understand the significance of what is being said; and c. ) the non-listening where the listener’s attention and response is not real and he/she pays attention to himself and own thoughts. Very few people spend most of their time listening at level 1. Most of us listen at all three levels over the course of a day, but the more we listen at level 1, the more effective we will be as leaders. Listening is a five-step process consisting of listening preparation, receiving, constructing meaning, responding, and remembering (Hybels Weaver, 2007). The first three steps are crucial. Skipping a step can be disastrous. How accurate of a response can be derived without first preparing to listen followed by receiving information? There could not be enough information to accurately construct a meaning. The first step, preparation, is the foundation for listening. Having the proper mindset and environment are critical. The second step in the active process of listening is receiving. A number of processes involved in comprehension are intrapersonal; that is, they take place inside your head. This section familiarizes you with the nature of human information processing and the concept of inner speech. c. Remembering There has been a great deal of research on memory. Remembering is essential if you intend to apply what you have heard in future situations. This chapter acquaints you with the three basic memory systems and the work that has been done in listening training and assessment with regard to the memory process. d. Interpreting When you interpret message you do two things. First, you take into accounts the total communication context so that you are better able to understand the meaning of what is said from the speaker’s point of view. Your ability to empathize, or to see a situation from the other person’s perspective, requires that you pay attention to emotional meaning and to the communicate context. Second, effective listeners let their partners know that they have been understood. e. Evaluating You listen from a unique point of view and are influenced by your perceptual filters- your past experiences, attitudes, personal values, and predispositions.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

The Experiences And Values Of Needy Families Social Work Essay

The Experiences And Values Of Needy Families Social Work Essay When thinking about my own personal values, I think of the customs and beliefs that I have developed through experience and education. Although these values have changed over time, I believe that they are pretty consistent with the NASW code of ethics and values of the social work profession as a whole. The preamble of code of ethics states that The primary mission of the social work profession is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic needs of all people (NASW, 2006-2009, p.401), and that is exactly what I strive to do. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) While I consider myself currently in a middle class American family, this has not always been the case. Growing up my family instilled in me the importance of working hard to achieve your goals, but despite their hard work my family too faced difficult financial times. I can remember times when my parents couldnt pay their bills, had to work multiple jobs, and struggled to put food on the table. Having gone through these rough financial times, my family instilled in me the importance of giving to other people in need and to this day I consider my father one of the most generous people I know. He would give everything he had to help someone in need, whether he knew them or not. A common bias is that people in need are lazy or incompetent, but this is far from the truth. I have witnessed several families, including my own work very hard to raise their family, yet still struggle to make it. One childhood experience that stands out in my mind is going into the grocery store with one of my best friends mother who was unemployed after losing her job of 12 years due to the store that she worked for closing. My friends mother had told us that she was going to get groceries and that we needed to distract the grocery stores doorman when we were leaving, because she had no money to pay for the groceries. Although I was aware that what she was doing was wrong, I knew she needed to feed her family. My friends mom did not steal lavish items as one would expect if you were stealing, she only took the items she needed to feed her family. During the car ride home, my friends mother apologized to us and explained that she is just too embarrassed to apply for Welfare or go on unemployment and that all of the savings she had prior to being unemployed is now gone. This has been a memory that I have carried with me since that day. Although I felt that there was little I could do at that t ime, I believe that it is not only my duty to help people in need, but societies as a whole. I believe that government and society have an obligation to intervene and help families that are in need. I do not believe that any mother should have to steal food to feed her family. I consider it my duty to promote national standards and policies for the delivery of benefits and programs that serve as a safety net for all people during times of poverty (NASW, 2006-2009, p. 364). I agree with the NASW Code of Ethics that all people are entitled to the basic needs to survive. As a social work student, I feel responsibility to advocate for families in need and to develop programs that educate people on the need for welfare reform. Schneider (1999) spoke of the need to reform welfare and for a shift in policy to focus on establishing universal benefits. I am in agreement with this as well as the need to reject the perspective that views failure to develop wealth as a personal failure without reference to structural inequalities (NASW, 2006-2009, p.363). I believe that it is important to promote education and fight the stereotypes associated with people in need. As a social worker I will provide services and counseling to families struggling to survive and I anticipate facing many challenges due to the regulations and policies that are currently in place. Rights of Legal and Illegal Immigrants Immigrants in the United States have faced a great deal of discrimination, inequality, and poverty throughout history. It is hard for me to understand how people can be treated so poorly just because they were not born an American. When I consider the United States, I believe it is a melting pot nation and that all people deserve the right to have their basic needs met despite their legal status in this country. I agree with the code of ethics that social workers need to be sensitive to cultural and ethnic diversity and strive to end discrimination, oppression, poverty, and other forms of social injustice (NASW, 2006-2009, p. 401). Whether immigrants are legal or illegal, they are people too and should be treated with dignity and respect. Legal immigrants have to go through a difficult and extensive process to become a citizen, which I believe is one reason why there are several illegal immigrants living in the United States. I think that instead of developing harsher immigration laws, this country needs to assist illegal immigrants in the process of gaining citizenship, an education, and work. I agree with Padilla (2008) in that immigrant legislation must treat people equally, promote social justice consistently, and recognize the significance of human relationships. NASW (2006-2009) recognizes that policies should promote social justice and avoid racism and discrimination or profiling on the basis of race, religion, country of origin, gender, etc. (p. 227). My views are consistent with NASW and I believe that the recent push for harsher immigration laws is a terrifying setback for this country. It makes me absolutely horrified that the state of Arizona would even try to instill a law that would call for police officers to check for immigration status and require immigrants to provide proof that they are authorized to be in this country. This law directly conflicts with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that recognizes the right to leave ones country as a basic human right (NASW, 2006-2009, p.226). As a social worker I think it is vital to advocate for people who have little or no political voice and who have faced such harsh discrimination throughout history. Being that I am considered a white middle class American, I will need to always be thinking about cultural diversity with my clients. Although I would be obligated to report undocumented citizens, I also feel that it is my ethical responsibility to provide all people with the information and services they need to fulfill their basic survival needs. Emotional Expression of the Client and the Worker I entered this profession because of my compassion to help others. For as long as I can remember, I always wanted to help people in need. During high school, my urge to help grew as I witnessed my fellow students being bullied for how they dressed or what type of house they lived in. Although I was considered a popular girl, I did not like that some people were considered unpopular. I did not think that classifying and judging people to be better then someone else was fair or justified. I was friends with everyone in high school and refused to get involved in the bullying that was happening all around me. It was during my junior year of High School that I took action. I spoke with my high school guidance department and expressed my concern with the targeting of the underprivileged or unpopular students in the school. I told them that I wanted to do something about the problem and begged for their support. I was granted permission to start an Anti-harassment Group, which I successfully did with the assistance of some other recruited students. Together we went out of our way to provide all students with friendships and support. We revised the schools policy on bullying, created anti-bullying contracts, gave presentations to all classes (high school, middle school, and elementary), and spent time with fellow students who were often targeted by others. We as popular students discouraged bullying and worked hard to change the reputation of bullying being cool. I carry this compassion to help others with me in practice and think that it is important for social workers to show emotional expression when working with clients. I feel that it is absolutely appropriate to express ones emotions and show compassion and affection when working in this field. Although I maintain that emotional expression is important, I believe that maintaining therapeutic boundaries with clients is equally important. I also agree with The Code of Ethics that social workers should not engage in any physical contact with clients if there is a possibility that the contact may cause psychological harm (NASW, 2006-2009, p. 407). As the Assistant Program Manager of an Adolescent Community Residence, I ran into issues surrounding therapeutic boundaries and emotional expression of client and workers on multiple occasions. Adolescents remained in the group home for approximately 1 Â ½-2 years. Many of the residents in the group home sought out affection from the staff. When a resident was having a rough time, I felt that it was appropriate to give them a hug and reassure them that staff was there to support them and help them get through their difficult times. I felt that by using the emotional expression of myself helped to develop a trusting and therapeutic relationship. As it is my desire to work with children and adolescents, I imagine that I will have to confront issues of emotional expression of self and therapeutic boundaries in the future. I think that in practice, I will have to be conscious and use my discretion about the amount of emotional support used while working with clients. I also think that it will be important for me to consider a clients race, culture, gender, past experiences, etc. on how comfortable the client may or may not be with emotional expression and physical contact. Religious Beliefs Growing up I had very little exposure to religion; however, I was able to recognize the impact religion and spirituality has on other peoples lives. Religion and spirituality became a reality to me when I studied abroad in Thailand. Religion and spirituality was at the center of their culture, and guided their decisions and attitudes on a daily basis. Although I have limited knowledge in this area, enmeshing myself in Thai culture made me recognize the power spirituality and religion can have on people and society as a whole. I also have witnessed the therapeutic effect religion and spirituality can have people. The NASW Code of Ethics (2006-2009) states that, Social workers should obtain education about and seek to understand the nature of social diversity and oppression with respect to race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, political belief, religion, and mental or physical disability. Although I do not consider myself a religious person, I think that it is crucial for social workers to understand the religious and spiritual beliefs of their clients. I am in agreement with Dale et al. (2006) that understanding the importance of spirituality, the nature of organized religion, and secular uses of religion is key in understanding the development of human character and social institutions. Without gaining this insight, a social worker may offend or disrespect their client simply because they are not aware of lifestyles and customs based in their spirituality o r religion. As a social worker I will encourage my clients to discuss their spiritual and religious beliefs and how it affects their lives. Based on my limited knowledge about this area, I will have to be extra cautious not to judge or stereotype people because of their religious or spiritual choice. If clients want to discuss religion and spirituality, I will be straight forward with them and let them know that I have limited knowledge in that area but that I am open to listening and learning about their beliefs and experiences with religion and spirituality. Provision and Utilization of Social Services I believe that the concept of social services and providing assistance to people in need is very important to the field of social work. I understand that the goal of social services is to help people financially, provide food assistance, disaster relief, medical services, and employment; however, I believe that the process to obtain these services needs to be streamlined. The lengthy and humiliating process that people/families in need have to endure can cause further emotional distress on the individual and family. Growing up I have witnessed people too embarrassed or humiliated to utilize social services due to the stigma associated with it. I experienced this first hand while helping families at the Community Residence I worked at try to obtain the services they needed. Often times, I would wait in lengthy lines with the families I worked with trying to help them obtain assistance and then be denied do to the paperwork or documentation not being enough for what is needed, or the families to be ineligible for services. I believe that many people/families are being turned down for services based on the many provisions and specific requirements. Although some people/families that are denied services can establish other means to survive, not all can do so. I understand that there needs to be regulations on services; however, I do not believe that anyone should be denied help obtaining the services they need for survival (i.e. food, shelter, medical care, etc.). The NASW Code of Ethics (2006-2009) maintains that Social workers should advocate for living conditions conducive to the fulfillment of basic human needs and should promote social, economic, political, and cultural values and institutions that are compatible with the realization of social justice. As social worker, I believe that it is their ethical responsibility to advocate for people in need and promote a persons right to self-determination. I think that given a chance and the tools needed; people can make positive changes in their lives. Belcher et al. (2004) examined faith-based interventions and the liberal social welfare state and came to the conclusion that although faith-based interventions could provide some basic supports, the driving force for social change should remain with the state. Although I agree that the state should be taking responsibility, I do respect faith-based interventions trying to step-up the plate and fill some gaps. As a social worker I believe that I will often find myself advocating for my clients need for social services. I believe that at times this process can become stressful and draining, as the current social service system is not meeting the needs of the people it is designed to serve. For example, if a family is denied for services because they make a couple dollars above the cutoff for services, I think that the system is being too simplistic and not considering the entirety of the situation. It is my belief that the social services system needs to take a more holistic approach instead of having extensive provisions, requirements, and cutoffs for the services. Pro-life Versus Pro-choice Ever since I can remember, my family instilled in me the belief that abortions were wrong and even considered them murder. As I approached the age of sexual activity, my family was very vocal about practicing safe sex and their views against abortion. My mother informed me that I was not a planned pregnancy and that although she was a teen mother and unprepared for the responsibility; she would have never made the choice to have an abortion. Despite my families strict beliefs regarding abortion, my values are different from my families. I believe that there are situations when abortions should occur or at least be the choice of the mother. The NASW Code of Ethics maintains that it is the social workers responsibility to promote the right of the clients to self-determination (p. 404) and defines that as being without government interference, people can make their own decisions about sexuality and reproduction (p. 147). Although I would not consider an abortion as an option for myself, I understand that to others, it might be the best option for them. Abramovitz (1996) pointed out that throughout history there have been policies and conditions that have forced women to make childbearing decisions based on the conditions of aid or public assistance, and I believe that is an infringement on their constitutional right of reproductive choice. As a social worker, I believe that it is my ethical responsibility to support and provide information so clients can make informed decisions when considering an abortion. I would find myself conflicted if working with a patient who has had multiple abortions, because despite considering myself pro-choice, I also have great value for life and giving life. I believe that all people should have reproductive choice, but should not abuse the decision to abort or use abortion as a form of birth control. Rights of Gays, Lesbians, Bisexuals, and Transgendered People Growing up, one of my best friends had two mothers, as she would say. Throughout elementary school and middle school, I witnessed how my friend and her family were treated and I quickly understood why she did not want people to know about her mothers sexual orientation. We grew up in a small rural community and were not exposed to people of different sexual orientations or preferences very often. This friend was bullied and ridiculed in school by peers because of her mothers sexual orientation. I myself did not understand why two women would be together or in love; however, after getting to know my friends family, I came to realize that one could not control their feelings or who they fell in love with. Seeing the discrimination and prejudice that my friend and her family went through was very frustrating because after getting to know the family and understanding that it is okay to have different sexual orientations or preferences, I didnt consider them any different from my family or anyone elses. I had a similar experience in high school with one of my friends father being transgender and again witnessed a great deal of discrimination against this family. I dont think a person should be denied the right to love someone else based on sexual identity, preference, or orientation. I do not understand how people can be denied the right of marriage, a union between two people, because they are lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender. I agree with the NASW Code of Ethics that same gender and transgender individuals should be afforded the same rights and respect as all people (NASW, 2006-2009, p. 247). I feel that a challenging circumstance that I could face as a social worker will be to address families that have children or other relatives who are LGBT and do not approve of them. As a social worker it would be my ethical responsibility to educate on the right of self-determination and nondiscrimination.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Problems With the Mexican Health System Essay examples -- Popular Insu

According to Mexican citizens, the health care system needs further reform to improve the efficiency, availability, and quality of medical services provided to the uninsured. A major source of inconvenience in medical provision is the long wait for treatment. Patients with scheduled appointments, as well as those in emergency situations often have to wait hours for care, and it is an accepted fact for those with Popular Health Insurance that a medical consultation in a hospital would likely engage the entire day.Additionally, both Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez and Mercadao Juà ¡rez agree that subsequent reforms must be made to change the focus of medical treatment towards serious diseases such as cancer and diabetes, as they are prevalent in Mexican society and especially in women and children, and IRC (chronic renal failure), which cause high hospitalization and mortality rates throughout Mexico. "Reajustar el listado de enfermedades (CAUSES) y/o padecimientos que cubre el seguro popular ya que muchos de ellos no se encuentran bien distribuidos a fin de cubrir la mayorà ­a de las necesidades de la poblacià ³n mà ¡s necesitada, un ejemplo de ello serà ­a CHAN (cirrosis hepà ¡tica alcohà ³lico nutricional) que es una de las enfermedades en el listado omitiendo por ejemplo IRC (insuficiencia renal crà ³nica) que es uno de los padecimientos que tiene un alto à ­ndice de hospitalizaciones o mortalidad en la poblacià ³n mexicana." As firmly stated by Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez, reevaluation of the list of diseases covered by the Popular Insurance Program is a crucial step towards not only helping relieve poverty and exorbitant prices for medical treatment, but decreasing the death toll due to inaccessible or inadequate medical treatment. However, in conjunction to re... ...cala, Mexico. February 24, 2014. (Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez is a doctor, and the wife of a doctor as well.) Vance, Erik. "Mexico Chalks up Success in Health-Care Reforms." Nature. Accessed January 30, 2014. doi:10.1038/nature.2012.11222. World Bank. 2008. Providing Subsidized Health Insurance to the Poor. Reaching the Poor with Health Services Mexico. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/9455844/providing-subsidized-health-insurance-poor à ¸ World Bank. 2010. Mexico. Reaching the Poor with Health Services Mexico. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://go.worldbank.org/IYG1NQVPU0 *Whyte, Sheila. Sheila Whyte to CBC News newsgroup, "How Mexico's Health System Works," May 4, 2009. Accessed January 30, 2014. http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/how-mexico-s-health-system-works-1.777348. Problems With the Mexican Health System Essay examples -- Popular Insu According to Mexican citizens, the health care system needs further reform to improve the efficiency, availability, and quality of medical services provided to the uninsured. A major source of inconvenience in medical provision is the long wait for treatment. Patients with scheduled appointments, as well as those in emergency situations often have to wait hours for care, and it is an accepted fact for those with Popular Health Insurance that a medical consultation in a hospital would likely engage the entire day.Additionally, both Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez and Mercadao Juà ¡rez agree that subsequent reforms must be made to change the focus of medical treatment towards serious diseases such as cancer and diabetes, as they are prevalent in Mexican society and especially in women and children, and IRC (chronic renal failure), which cause high hospitalization and mortality rates throughout Mexico. "Reajustar el listado de enfermedades (CAUSES) y/o padecimientos que cubre el seguro popular ya que muchos de ellos no se encuentran bien distribuidos a fin de cubrir la mayorà ­a de las necesidades de la poblacià ³n mà ¡s necesitada, un ejemplo de ello serà ­a CHAN (cirrosis hepà ¡tica alcohà ³lico nutricional) que es una de las enfermedades en el listado omitiendo por ejemplo IRC (insuficiencia renal crà ³nica) que es uno de los padecimientos que tiene un alto à ­ndice de hospitalizaciones o mortalidad en la poblacià ³n mexicana." As firmly stated by Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez, reevaluation of the list of diseases covered by the Popular Insurance Program is a crucial step towards not only helping relieve poverty and exorbitant prices for medical treatment, but decreasing the death toll due to inaccessible or inadequate medical treatment. However, in conjunction to re... ...cala, Mexico. February 24, 2014. (Ordoà ±ez Ramà ­rez is a doctor, and the wife of a doctor as well.) Vance, Erik. "Mexico Chalks up Success in Health-Care Reforms." Nature. Accessed January 30, 2014. doi:10.1038/nature.2012.11222. World Bank. 2008. Providing Subsidized Health Insurance to the Poor. Reaching the Poor with Health Services Mexico. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/9455844/providing-subsidized-health-insurance-poor à ¸ World Bank. 2010. Mexico. Reaching the Poor with Health Services Mexico. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://go.worldbank.org/IYG1NQVPU0 *Whyte, Sheila. Sheila Whyte to CBC News newsgroup, "How Mexico's Health System Works," May 4, 2009. Accessed January 30, 2014. http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/how-mexico-s-health-system-works-1.777348.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Forest life changes the characters Essay

In Shakespeare’s As you like it, we find the characters attempting to escape the court. What they specifically are escaping from are the ‘briars’ of the ‘working day world’. The imagery of briar bushes specifically enacts a form of entanglement; that the world of the court is entrapping and the people in it are reflected as such. What is ‘comely envenoms him that bears it’, highlighting a reverse polarisation of morality, that what is good is a hindrance in the world of the court. This is paralleled by what Touchstone (who represents the court as a jester, whom were always in the service of the court) says; ‘The sweetest nut hath the sourest rind’. Indeed, the usurper is viewed as the rightful ruler of the court whereas the rightful ruler is branded an outlaw. So the characters escape to the forest in order to cleanse themselves of ‘th’infected world’ (Playing upon the previous mention of ‘envenoms’ as a form of physical affliction that requires cathartic release). One can argue that the characters do respond to the forest, and their characters change as such. One particularly significant example is how Shakespeare constructs the forest as a place of alternative knowledge; Duke Senior finds that the ‘winds are his councillors’ and that the ‘trees shall be my (his) books’, that they find ‘sermons in stones’. This highlights the homiletic edification that occurs when one engages with nature, and indeed, this is paralleled by the discourse expressed between Rosalind and Celia in Act I, where they comment on how fortune (A product of the court) and nature (Of the forest) are at odds with one another; ‘Fortune reigns in gifts of the world/not in the lineaments of nature’. The escapism of the forest is further expressed when the gentlemen become ‘merry men’ and ‘brothers in exile’ highlighting how they are able to ‘fleet time as they did in the golden age’, with the ‘merry men’ alluding exclusively to the notion of ‘Robin hood’, who represents an active rebellion against the court, suggesting an underlying romanticisation of what it is to be an outlaw. Indeed, defying social norms appears to be what the forest epitomises, and as such, Rosalind even changes all perception of her by becoming ‘Ganymede’, she essentially dresses up to become someone different. Finally, we find the two main ‘villains’ of the story; Duke Frederick and Oliver have a very quick change of heart from the forest, which in both cases turn out to be spectacular examples of Deus Ex Machina, both being equally contrived but portrayed as legitimately woven into the story. So in that sense, the forest is a healing force. However, there is an argument for the opposite; that the forest is exactly the same as the court and no significant change occurs. One of the biggest examples of this lies in the speech of Lord 1 regarding the murder of a deer. The deer are portrayed as ‘native burghers’ in their own ‘desert city’, who retreat ‘from the hunters aim’ into a ‘sequestered’ ‘languish’. Jaques remarks then about how the foresters are the ‘mere usurpers’ who ‘kill them up/in their assign’d and native dwelling place’. This is particularly significant because a parallel is drawn between the deer and the foresters, the deer is escaping usurpation in much the same way the foresters are, this is further enhanced by the fact that the deer has a ‘leathern coat’, a deliberate wording by Shakespeare to highlight the parallels it has with its human usurpers. This usurpation is shown elsewhere in the book, Rosalind who buys the shepherds ‘passion’ (Livelihood) because it is ‘much upon her fashion’, suggesting a transitory or arbitrary desire, devoid of consideration for the fact that the shepherd derives his survival from his flock. Indeed, she wishes to ‘waste her time’ here, rather than use it for any meaningful purpose. Other aspects of the court are also filtered into the forest to enact a distinct lack of change. The notion of the ‘merry men’ and ‘brothers in exile’ is immediately undermined by the fact that the duke is referred to as ‘your grace’, implying that the hierarchy of society is still in place, despite their attempts to gloss over it. Indeed, the very nature of them dressing up as foresters when they are in fact ‘gentlemen’ enacts the nature of the ‘painted pomp’ that is alluded to when referring to the court. The word ‘pompous’ implies a level of self-importance and unnecessary grandiose, which is ever present in the forest; ‘to blow on whom I please’ (IE, to do as I wish). Conventionally in the pastoral, the return to ‘reality’ (In this instance, the court) is forced due to the ephemeral nature of Arcadia. However, at the end of the play here, we find that the characters easily cast off their ‘disguises’ as if they had never left, willingly returning to the court, signifying that there must have been little difference between the two worlds, and emphasising the fact that the court has been a constant throughout the play. One of the most famous quotes of the play, ‘All the world is a stage’ is particularly significant here also. Throughout the story, the ‘motley coat’ (Emblematic of the fool) has been alluded to, and it represents the ‘players’ and by extension, the audience as a whole. If we are all ‘players’ as in a play, with ‘their exists and entrances/and many parts’, then we are all fundamentally acting like the foresters all the time, we all are part of the same outcome. Indeed, at the very end, we all are ‘sans teeth, sans taste, sans everything’, emphasising the fact we all end up subjected to time and age, no better for our experiences in life. This is particularly ironic of course, because earlier on in the story, the forest is described as having ‘no clock’, but it is infact time that undoes all as expressed in this passage, enacting the futility of escape and the absence of any change in outcome from action. Finally, we have the ephemeral nature of the escape for the audience. As alluded to in the preceding paragraph, the audience are ‘players’ and actors in the play to, but do they change? At the very end, within the epilogue, Rosalind breaks the fourth wall, essentially undermining the experience of the play, returning the audience from the ‘forest’ (The imaginative space of the play) to the ‘court’ (Reality). She directly remarks upon the fact that it is a play, that it is a constructed narration and further commends it to be watched by the friends of the audience (Cementing the notion of ‘realism’ in the fact that the play is a commercial enterprise at heart, not a creative escape).

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Biography of Ferdinand Marcos, Philippines Dictator

Biography of Ferdinand Marcos, Philippines' Dictator Ferdinand Marcos (September 11, 1917–September 28, 1989) ruled the Philippines with an iron fist from 1966 to 1986. Critics charged Marcos and his regime with crimes like corruption and nepotism. Marcos himself is said to have exaggerated his role in World War II. He also murdered a family political rival. Marcos created an elaborate cult of personality. When that state-mandated adulation proved insufficient for him to maintain control, President Marcos declared martial law. Fast Facts: Ferdinand Marcos Known For: Philippines dictatorAlso Known As: Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr.Born: September 11, 1917  in Sarrat, PhilippinesParents: Mariano Marcos,  Josefa EdralinDied: September 28, 1989  in Honolulu, HawaiiEducation: University of the Philippines, College of LawAwards and Honors: Distinguished Service Cross, Medal of HonorSpouse: Imelda Marcos  (m. 1954–1989)Children: Imee,  Bongbong,  Irene, Aimee (adopted)Notable Quote: I often wonder what I will be remembered in history for. Scholar? Military hero? Builder? Early Life Ferdinand Edralin Marcos was born on Sept. 11, 1917, to Mariano and Josefa Marcos in the village of Sarrat, on the island of Luzon, the Philippines. Persistent rumors say that Ferdinands biological father was a man named Ferdinand Chua, who served as his godfather. Officially, however, Josefas husband Mariano Marcos was the childs father. Young Ferdinand Marcos grew up in a privileged milieu. He excelled at school and took an eager interest in things like boxing and shooting. Education Marcos attended school in Manila. His godfather Ferdinand Chua may have helped pay for his educational expenses. During the 1930s, the young man studied law at the University of the Philippines, outside of Manila. This legal training would come in handy when Marcos was arrested and tried for a 1935 political murder. In fact, he continued his studies while in prison and even passed the bar exam with flying colors from his cell. Meanwhile, Mariano Marcos ran for a seat on the National Assembly in 1935 but was defeated for a second time by Julio Nalundasan. Assassinates Nalundasan On Sept. 20, 1935, as he was celebrating his victory over Marcos, Nalundasan was shot dead at his home. Ferdinand, then 18, had used his shooting skills to kill Nalundasan with a .22-caliber rifle. Marcos was indicted for the killing and convicted by a district court in November of 1939. He appealed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines in 1940. Representing himself, Marcos managed to get his conviction overturned despite strong evidence of his guilt. Mariano Marcos and (by now) Judge Chua may have used their political power to influence the outcome of the case. World War II At the outbreak of World War II, Marcos was practicing law in Manila. He soon joined the Filipino Army and fought against the Japanese invasion as a combat intelligence officer in the 21st Infantry Division. Marcos saw action in the three-month-long Battle of Bataan, in which the Allied forces lost Luzon to the Japanese. He survived the Bataan Death March, a week-long ordeal that killed about a quarter of Japans American and Filipino POWs on Luzon. Marcos escaped the prison camp and joined the resistance. He later claimed to have been a guerrilla leader, but that claim has been disputed. Post-War Era Detractors say that Marcos spent the early post-war period filing false compensation claims for wartime damages with the United States government, such as a claim for almost $600,000 for 2,000 imaginary cattle of Mariano Marcos. Marcos also served as a special assistant to the first president of the newly independent Republic of the Philippines, Manuel Roxas, from 1946 to 1947. Marcos served in the Philippines House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the Senate from 1963 to 1965 as a member of Roxas Liberal Party. Rise to Power In 1965, Marcos hoped to secure the Liberal Party nomination for the presidency. The sitting president, Diosdado Macapagal (father of current president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo), had promised to step aside, but he reneged and ran again. Marcos resigned from the Liberal Party and joined the Nationalists. He won the election and was sworn in on December 30, 1965. President Marcos promised economic development, improved infrastructure, and good government to the people of the Philippines. He also pledged help to South Vietnam and the U.S. in the Vietnam War, sending more than 10,000 Filipino soldiers to fight. Cult of Personality Ferdinand Marcos was the first president to be reelected to a second term in the Philippines. Whether his reelection was rigged is a subject of debate. In any case, he consolidated his hold on power by developing a cult of personality, like those of Joseph Stalin or Mao Zedong. Marcos required every business and classroom in the country to display his official presidential portrait. He also posted giant billboards bearing propagandistic messages across the country. A handsome man, Marcos had married former beauty queen Imelda Romualdez in 1954. Her glamour added to his popularity. Martial Law Within weeks of his reelection, Marcos faced violent public protests against his rule by students and other citizens. Students demanded educational reforms; they even commandeered a fire truck and crashed it into the Presidential Palace in 1970. The Filipino Communist Party reemerged as a threat. Meanwhile, a Muslim separatist movement in the south urged succession. President Marcos responded to all of these threats by declaring martial law on September 21, 1972. He suspended habeas corpus, imposed a curfew, and jailed opponents like Benigno Ninoy Aquino. This period of martial law lasted until January 1981. Dictatorship Under martial law, Marcos took extraordinary powers for himself. He used the countrys military as a weapon against his political enemies, displaying a typically ruthless approach to opposition. Marcos also awarded a huge number of government posts to his and Imeldas relatives. Imelda herself was a member of Parliament (1978-84); Governor of Manila (1976-86); and Minister of Human Settlements (1978-86). Marcos called parliamentary elections on April 7, 1978. None of the members of jailed former Senator Benigno Aquinos LABAN party won their races. Election monitors cited widespread vote-buying by Marcos loyalists. In preparation for Pope John Paul IIs visit, Marcos lifted martial law on Jan. 17, 1981. Nonetheless, Marcos pushed through legislative and Constitutional reforms to ensure that he would retain all of his extended powers. It was purely a cosmetic change. Presidential Election of 1981 For the first time in 12 years, the Philippines held a presidential election on June 16, 1981. Marcos ran against two opponents: Alejo Santos of the Nacionalista Party and Bartolome Cabangbang of the Federal Party. LABAN and Unido both boycotted the election. Marcos received 88% of the vote. He took the opportunity in his inauguration ceremony to note that he would like the job of Eternal President. Death of Aquino Opposition leader Benigno Aquino was released in 1980 after spending nearly eight years in prison. He went into exile in the United States. In August 1983, Aquino returned to the Philippines. Upon arrival, he was hustled off the plane and shot dead on the runway at the Manila Airport by a man in a military uniform. The government claimed that Rolando Galman was the assassin; Galman was immediately killed by airport security. Marcos was ill at the time, recovering from a kidney transplant. Imelda may have ordered Aquinos killing, which sparked massive protests. Later Years and Death Aug. 13, 1985, was the beginning of the end for Marcos. Fifty-six members of Parliament called for his impeachment for graft, corruption, and other high crimes. Marcos called a new election for 1986. His opponent was Corazon Aquino, the widow of Benigno. Marcos claimed a 1.6 million vote victory, but observers found an 800,000-vote win by Aquino. A People Power movement quickly developed, driving the Marcoses into exile in Hawaii, and affirming Aquinos election. The Marcoses had embezzled billions of dollars from the Philippines. Imelda famously left more than 2,500 pairs of shoes in her closet when she fled Manila. Marcos died of multiple organ failure in Honolulu on Sept. 28, 1989. Legacy Marcos left behind a reputation as one of the most corrupt and ruthless leaders in modern Asia. The Marcoses had taken with them more than $28 million in cash in Philippine currency. President Corazon Aquinos administration said this was only a small part of the Marcoses illegally gained wealth. Marcos excesses are perhaps best exemplified by his wifes extensive shoe collection. Imelda Marcos is reported to have gone on shopping sprees using state money to buy jewelry and shoes. She amassed a collection of more than 1,000 pairs of luxury shoes, which earned her the nickname, Marie Antoinette, with shoes. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Ferdinand Marcos.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 8 Mar. 2019..Ferdinand E. Marcos Republic of the Philippines-Department of National Defense.â€Å"Ferdinand Marcos Biography.†Ã‚  Encyclopedia of World Biography.

Monday, October 21, 2019

The Most Spoken Language In The World essay

The Most Spoken Language In The World essay The Most Spoken Language In The World essay The Most Spoken Language In The World essay  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Ethnologue(17th Edition.), Chinese (Mandarin) is the most widely spoken language in the world. Because of the large population, there are more than one billion people speak Chinese as their first language. Besides, Chinese beating the second most spoken language, English, by two to one ratio. However, Chinese is not easy to learn. Honestly, it is really difficult to learn whatever to speak or write.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First of all, there are four tones to speak Chinese. First tone is like a high level, and second tone is like rising, the third tone is more difficult, it is like falling first and then rising. The last one is falling. Many people who learn Chinese at first always mix up these four tones. Besides, there are many kinds of dialects in China. Sometimes people come from north of China even cannot understand the dialect in the south. There are two maj or variants in China which are Mandarin and Cantonese, and there are about 55 million speakers speak Cantonese. (Alison, 2010) Also Mandarin is considered as a native language to most of Chinese people. The most reliable reason of people speaks different Chinese may due to the geography of China. (Alison, 2010) However, Chinese people speak different dialects but share one writing system. (Johnson, 2011) This might increase the difficulty to learn Chinese.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, Chinese is not a just one language; it is a language that combines many of dialects. It is also a very difficult language for people who speak Chinese as a second language. Due to the long history of China, Chinese also is an amazing language in the world and has a long history that needs people to study.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

The life and times of Ghandi essays

The life and times of Ghandi essays Throughout history most national heroes have been warriors, but Gandhi was a passive and peaceful preacher of morals, ethics, and beliefs. He was an outsider who ended British rule over India without striking a blow. Moreover, Gandhi was not skillful with any unusual artistic, scholarly, or scientific talents. He never earned a degree or received any special academic honors. He was never a candidate in an election or a member of government. Yet when he died, in 1948, practically the whole world mourned him. Einstein said in his tribute, Gandhi demonstrated that a powerful human following can be assembled not only through the cunning game of the usual political maneuvers and trickery but through the cogent example of a morally superior conduct of life. Other tributes compared Gandhi to Socrates, to Buddha, to Jesus, and to Saint Fancis of Assisi. The life of Mahatma (great soul) Gandhi is very documented. Certainly it was an extraordinary life, poking at the ancient Hindu religion and culture and modern revolutionary ideas about politics and society, an unusual combination of perceptions and values. Gandhis life was filled with contradictions. He was described as a gentle man who was an outsider, but also as a godly and almost mystical person, but he had a great determination. Nothing could change his convictions. Some called him a master politician, others called him a saint, and millions of Indians called him Mahatma or Bapu (father). I on the other hand call him extraordinarily great. Gandhis life was devoted to a search for truth. He believed that truth could be known only through tolerance and concern for others, and that finding a truthful way to solutions required constant attention. He dedicated himself to truth, to nonviolence, to purity, to poverty, to scripture reading, to humility, to honesty, and to fearlessness. He called his autobiography, My Experiments with Truth. Gandhi overcame fear in him...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

FEA program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FEA program - Assignment Example FEA is an exceptional reality of the wide-ranging technique with polynomial estimation functions (Ferrari, 2007). The solution method is founded on removing the spatial derivatives from the partial differential equations. It approaches the partial differential equations with a structure of algebraic equations for steady state systems, and a structure of ordinary differential equations for transient systems. 3. These equation arrangements are linear if the basic partial differential equations are corresponding. Arithmetical equation arrangements are resolved expending arithmetic linear algebra approaches. Ordinary differential equations leads to a rise in passing systems are then mathematically combined utilizing regular methodologies, for example, Euler’s technique. FEM permits comprehensive conception of where constructions arc or twist, and specifies the dissemination of stresses and dislocations. FEA applications provide a wide array of simulation opportunities for scheming the complexity of both meshing and analysis of a real life problem. Also, the expected accuracy required and related computational time necessary can be coped in same time to resolve many manufacturing practices. FEA permits whole projects to be built, great, and adjusted before the project produced. 4. Basic Principles of FEA 5. ... Every node is designed for six degrees of freedom enumerated as three transformational degrees, and three revolution degrees. Boundary condition is a method that a defined node in a FEM model is fixed to the zero state and several additional nodes in the model. A range of boundary conditions are obtainable containing: unbending or fixed, flexible spring, etc. Boundary conditions can be stated to be steady in some or complete six degrees of freedom. One must do two dimensional or three dimensional geometry which ties the existing member that is preferred to be analyzed. It can be generated contained by the preprocessor of the FEA application or beforehand produced geometry can be introduced from a computer aided designing application known as a concrete modeler. Boundary conditions (BC) can also be utilized to specify fluidic, dynamic, thermal, and electrostatic networks. In engineering analysis, linear solution points to an investigation of FEA modeled part where linear preprocessor of the item being assessed and its materials are understood to be exposed. In linear solutions, the part being assessed will not be subjected out of the elastic range of its materials. Non-linear denote to structural design of character modeled with arch. The part ingredients and boundary conditions will be laid open to non-linear actions. Specific materials display non-linear strain & stress performance and which is called as material non-linearity. If great diversions are existent, this is resulting in geometric non-linearity. Lastly, if boundary conditions change for different load ranges this is mentioned as boundary non-linearity. Static denotes to a part

Friday, October 18, 2019

Therepresentationofblackfemalesexualityinpopularmusic Essay

Therepresentationofblackfemalesexualityinpopularmusic - Essay Example This will be achieved by first having discussing the images got from the popular music about these women as well as the contradictions that exist. In other words, the popular music shows how Black women are portrayed sexually in their daily lives within the popular music industry. Most Black women in the are represented and grounded in the popular culture through ideologies that surround the Black womanhood in the American society (Emerson, 115). These ideologies can be said to be the images that at most times reflect the degree in which Black women are marginalized (Emerson, 115). The media as well as the popular culture have been the sites for such ideologies on Black womanhood. For example, there are music videos that have received sharp criticism because their content was objective and exploitative in the manner they depicted women of all races and ethnicities. In other words, they have represent Black women according to images like hyper sexualized ‘hot mama’, ‘jezebel’, ‘the asexual’ and ‘the welfare recipient’. Apart from the representations drawn from the controlling images, the performances staged by Black women in popular culture also bear representations that counter the ideologies held on Black womanhood (Emerson, 117). Therefore, popular and expressive culture exists as a site to help resist such ideologies and representations (Emerson, 117). For example, performances staged by Bessie Smith and Ethel Waters showed how assertive they were in their empowerment and sexual subjectivity (Emerson, 117). Most videos done by Black women show how gender has been constrained and limited the independence of Black women (Emerson, 117). The context under which these videos were produced is shown in the images they portray. They are actually made porous by the controlling images that stereotype the Black woman (Mayhew, 64). This in the end brings about different stereotypes.

Why were coffee houses so popular in the late seventeeth century and Essay

Why were coffee houses so popular in the late seventeeth century and early eighteenth century in london - Essay Example Coffee first became popular in the Ottoman Empire during the sixteenth century, and in one report, we find the well-known Ottoman chronicler  Ibrahim Pecevi  chronicling the opening of the first coffeehouses in the Ottoman Empire (in Istanbul) in the sixteenth century. Here he states, â€Å"Until the year 962 [1555], in the High, God-Guarded city of Constantinople, as well as in Ottoman lands generally, coffee and coffee-houses did not exist. About that year, a fellow called Hakam from Aleppo and a wag called Shams from Damascus came to the city; they each opened a large shop in the district called Tahtakale, and began to purvey coffee† (cited in Bernard, 1989, 132). It was in the 17th century that coffee  spread to  Europe  from the  Ottoman Empire (via Hungary), and soon coffeehouses became a part of the popular western culture (Wild, 2005). English coffeehouses first came into existence during the mid-seventeenth century when in  Oxford  in 1652 in a buildin g that is now better known as "The Grand Cafe" (ibid). Pasqua Rosee, who was a  servant in the service of a merchant named Daniel Edwards, opened the first coffeehouse in  London  in 1652, in St Michael's Alley in Cornhill, and soon they became extremely popular as social meeting places, and by 1675 England had more than 3,000 coffeehouses (Weinberg, and Bealer, 2002, 152). Discussion English coffee houses: The  English  coffeehouses,  during the early modernism of the 17th and 18th centuries, are often referred to as public social houses where the people from different social walks of life, would gather for drinking the new beverage while socially interacting. These coffeehouses also served chocolate and tea along with coffee, and these places soon acquired a very distinct character that distinguished it from another popular establishment of the era, the taverns. The taverns were legally obliged to keep provisions for drinks, food, and lodging for the passing traveller; and formed centres of hard drinking and gambling. Coffeehouses, served non-alcoholic drinks allow any form of gambling and alcohol consumption, and were known as ‘genteel’ places for sober social interactions, unlike other public social houses of that time (Hewitt, 1872). Cowan in his book describes a typical 17th-18th century English coffeehouse as "places where people gathered to drink coffee, learn the news of the day, and perhaps to meet with other local residents and discuss matters of mutual concern† (Cowan, 2005, 79). Right from the time of initiation, the English coffeehouses formed a dominion for intellectual gatherings, while political groups also frequented the various English coffeehouses for conducting meetings (ibid). There a diverse range of patrons that were seen in the English coffeehouses, and represented a wide range of the divergent English social classes, and there was a sense of equality amongst these customers where one could freely take pa rt in any ongoing conversation irrespective of one’s social rank or political beliefs. Topics deliberated on in these coffeehouses were mainly related to philosophical debates, politics, society gossip, current events,  and natural sciences. It is often for this reason that the 17th and 18th century English coffeehouses were referred by the historians to be the epicentres of the Enlightenment era that brought in cultural and intellectual reawakening, widely seen at this time (Cowan, 2005). English coffeehous

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions - Essay Example Kemp (2004) estimates that the earth’s surface temperature have increased by 0.3Â °c-0.6Â °c since 1900. The years 1995-2006 ranked amongst eleven of the twelve warmest years on record since climatic records began in 1850. The IPCC also estimates that by 2020, the earth’s temperatures will have risen by a further 0.2Â °c. Natural Causes/Contributions of Global Warming Earth’s Orbital Variation The Milankovitch Theory of climate change predicts that the Earth’s orbit around the sun is not a perfect circle but an ellipse, which makes the earth closer to the sun at certain periods. This currently occurs in January, making northern hemisphere winters slightly milder than previous winters. With greater eccentricity the length of the Earth’s seasons varies, which can lead to the build up of ice sheets when there are cooler summers. Sun Spot Activity The sun is now believed to be its most active for 300 years (Kemp, 2004). In the past 120 years, 0.5Â ° c rise in global temperatures occurred before 1940, which is earlier than the biggest rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions released by humans. Further evidence comes from tree ring data in which 17 out of 19 of the warmest spells in the past 10,000 years coincided with peaks in solar activity (Goudie, 2000). Ocean Circulation Changes The Earth’s oceans cover around 70% of the Earth’s surface and absorb twice the amount of sun’s radiation as the atmosphere of the land surface (Jackson and Jackson, 1996). With their huge heat capacity, and means to move vast quantities of heat across the planet, they have a major effect on the earth’s temperatures, e.g. during an El Nino cycle, the west coast of South America experiences higher temperatures with greater rainfall due to the transportation of warm waters from the South Pacific replacing the usual up-welling of nutrient rich cooler waters (Thomas and Goudie, 2000). The North Atlantic Jet and Gulf Stream also has a major affect on the earth’s surface temperatures in North Europe, which transports warm heat from the Caribbean up to high latitudinal regions making temperatures artificially high for their latitudinal position. Human Causes/Contributions of Global Warming Burning of Fossil Fuels The burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas releases anthropogenic emissions of GHG’s, such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and halocarbons. These gases absorb some of the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth which would otherwise escape back into space. This creates the enhanced greenhouse effect, in which increased CO? levels (280ppm from pre industrial levels to 379pmm by 2005) have warmed global temperatures by around 0.5Â °c over the past century (IPCC, 2007) Deforestation The world’s forests have decreased by around 38% over the past century (Jackson and Jackson, 1996). This has led to increased levels of CO? in the earth’s atmosphere because there are not enough trees to absorb the additional carbon rates caused by increased human activity. Increased agriculture and livestock such as cows release significant amounts of methane, which contribute towards global warming. Levels of methane have doubled since pre-industrial times to 1.765 ppmv (Kemp, 2004). CFC’s CFC’s and other halocarbons released from refrigerators, insulating foams, aerosol spray cans and industrial plants all destroy the stratospheric ozone, and are a significant cause of global warming due to their higher concentration levels of greenhouse gases (Goudie, 2000). Positive and Negative

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Corporate social responsibility (with an example) Research Paper

Corporate social responsibility (with an example) - Research Paper Example It is not right to say that Corporations are excluded from societies; they are part of it and hence have a role to play within in the society circle. It is the society which gives them the name and recognition, and in return there is much to be given back to the society as well (Asongu, 2007). A society could be broad in the spectrum like an oil company whose impacts are there for entire environmental system, similarly a society could be small like for a grocery store whose items are only benefited to the specified group of people. Hence Corporations are part of societies and to survive in business they have to understand the societal norms and responsibilities (Horrigan, 2010). Analysis based Point of Opinion According to scholarly literature, it can be indicated that corporate social responsibility is a modern concept and has been compiled from various definitions. According to modern literature, corporate social responsibility is a business norm that includes all the business comp onents in one domain, like it includes buyers, consumers, share holders, employees, and communities which have to be served in one system (Asongu, 2007). Hence CSR is a broad concept, a concept that reaches out to each component attached to its system (Asongu, 2007). ... In Worlds tropical regions like South Africa and North India, there have been infectious disease spreading, like malaria and leishmaniasis for which there is no cure provided just because of high poverty and fewer paybacks to the pharmaceuticals (Hirsch, 2008). On the other side, there are no cures for chronic diseases (tuberculosis) as pharmaceuticals have forgotten the moral responsibility and have prioritized wealthy attainments than society. The cures are there but the will is not and due to economic reasons and not scientific, pharmaceuticals have stopped to research and develop. It is all because the priority is wealth and money, so the norms of society, virtuousness and morality have got disappeared in the tropical regions (Hirsch, 2008). From the modern perspective, it is not wrong to say that virtue and social responsibility are just matters of the book and scripture and not more than that. According to Lynn Payer (author of Disease-Mongers, 1992) medicine industry has been dominant due to several reasons, one of the main reason is disease mongering, a concept that brutally destroys the notion of corporate social responsibility (Dossey, 2010). In the modern system, medicine industry (pharmaceuticals) generates more than one trillion dollars each year. One of the secrets for such dominating figures on revenues is disease mongering â€Å"expanding diseases and developing the demand† (Dossey, 2010). Out of the trillion, billions are spent on advertisement and marketing campaigns, which is all to bring response and acceptation from the customer. One harsh fact is that patients are customers, customers that bring demand for the industry. Hence it is not harsh to say that the system of 21st century itself is violating the

DISAPPEARANCE OF THE ANASAZI Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

DISAPPEARANCE OF THE ANASAZI - Research Paper Example History portrays that they were generally quite peaceful people who survived through trade and farming. Even so, the Anasazi later disappeared, causing many varied academic postulations. Various theories, such as climate change theories, religious theories, and cannibalism theory suggest different reasons for their disappearance. Climate change theories postulate that climatic changes led to the area receiving unreliable rainfall causing the community to leave. Drought theory postulates that the 1276-199. On the other hand, religious theories point out that certain religious practices must have been responsible for the disappearance of the Anasazi. Cannibalism theory asserts possible existence of a cannibal group is likely to have contributed to the disappearance of the Anasazi. All theories contribute to the understanding of the Anasazi. Disappearance of the Anasazi For a long time, major aspects of southwestern archaeology have continued to perplex many people. Despite the fact tha t there have been various theories that have substantially attempted to unravel the mystery behind the disappearance of the Anasazi, one may observe that even the most acceptable explanations remain largely postulations. Of course any reasonable person would ask why a community of people who live so peacefully could just abandon their civilizations and head into the unknown. Certainly there could be more than archaeology and other historical reconstruction methods may offer towards the explanation of the disappearance of the Anasazi (Catherine and Duff 2008). Even so, one may observe that quite substantial information about the Anasazi have been unraveled, thanks to historians. It appears that an understanding of the theories of disappearance of the Anasazi people cannot be sufficiently told without making efforts to understand the efforts their way of life. Understanding the way of life of the Anasazi will help in understanding how their society perceived life in its various dimens ions. Doing so enables one to assess and critique various theories that attempt to explain the disappearance of the Anasazi. This is because it could be that probably more than one theory can sufficiently and convincingly explain the disappearance of the Anasazi people. For the purposes of this paper, this paper shall briefly visit bring into light the organization of the Anasazi before proceeding to analyze the theories that make an effort to explain the disappearance of the Anasazi people (Peter 2004). Background History of the Anasazi Historical records have indicated that the Anasazi people had inhabited the vast plateaus of the American Southwest. They had adapted to the harsh climate and thrived in the sun-scorched mesas and cliffs. They occupied what one may observe as the current ruins of Mesa Verde, Chaco Canyon, and Canyon de Chelly. The remains still reveal a powerful evidence of a civilization that one may refer to as advanced given its time in history. It is intriguing to observe that much as the Anasazi do not any association with the Navajo people although the word Anasazi is a Navajo word. In fact the Navajo people just refer to them in what translates as â€Å"those before us† or in other translations as â€Å"ancient strangers.† This implies a missing link with other civilizations. They are likely not to have interacted with other civilizations; no wonder there has been no archaeological evidence of any weapons (Peter 2004). Assessment of the emergence of the Anasazi is found in the old legends. Although one must note well in advance that the origins of the Anasazi remain a mystery almost just as much as their disappearance. Even so, it is still vital to highlight that constructed legends have it that the original Anasazi had come out of the lower world

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions - Essay Example Kemp (2004) estimates that the earth’s surface temperature have increased by 0.3Â °c-0.6Â °c since 1900. The years 1995-2006 ranked amongst eleven of the twelve warmest years on record since climatic records began in 1850. The IPCC also estimates that by 2020, the earth’s temperatures will have risen by a further 0.2Â °c. Natural Causes/Contributions of Global Warming Earth’s Orbital Variation The Milankovitch Theory of climate change predicts that the Earth’s orbit around the sun is not a perfect circle but an ellipse, which makes the earth closer to the sun at certain periods. This currently occurs in January, making northern hemisphere winters slightly milder than previous winters. With greater eccentricity the length of the Earth’s seasons varies, which can lead to the build up of ice sheets when there are cooler summers. Sun Spot Activity The sun is now believed to be its most active for 300 years (Kemp, 2004). In the past 120 years, 0.5Â ° c rise in global temperatures occurred before 1940, which is earlier than the biggest rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions released by humans. Further evidence comes from tree ring data in which 17 out of 19 of the warmest spells in the past 10,000 years coincided with peaks in solar activity (Goudie, 2000). Ocean Circulation Changes The Earth’s oceans cover around 70% of the Earth’s surface and absorb twice the amount of sun’s radiation as the atmosphere of the land surface (Jackson and Jackson, 1996). With their huge heat capacity, and means to move vast quantities of heat across the planet, they have a major effect on the earth’s temperatures, e.g. during an El Nino cycle, the west coast of South America experiences higher temperatures with greater rainfall due to the transportation of warm waters from the South Pacific replacing the usual up-welling of nutrient rich cooler waters (Thomas and Goudie, 2000). The North Atlantic Jet and Gulf Stream also has a major affect on the earth’s surface temperatures in North Europe, which transports warm heat from the Caribbean up to high latitudinal regions making temperatures artificially high for their latitudinal position. Human Causes/Contributions of Global Warming Burning of Fossil Fuels The burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas releases anthropogenic emissions of GHG’s, such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and halocarbons. These gases absorb some of the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth which would otherwise escape back into space. This creates the enhanced greenhouse effect, in which increased CO? levels (280ppm from pre industrial levels to 379pmm by 2005) have warmed global temperatures by around 0.5Â °c over the past century (IPCC, 2007) Deforestation The world’s forests have decreased by around 38% over the past century (Jackson and Jackson, 1996). This has led to increased levels of CO? in the earth’s atmosphere because there are not enough trees to absorb the additional carbon rates caused by increased human activity. Increased agriculture and livestock such as cows release significant amounts of methane, which contribute towards global warming. Levels of methane have doubled since pre-industrial times to 1.765 ppmv (Kemp, 2004). CFC’s CFC’s and other halocarbons released from refrigerators, insulating foams, aerosol spray cans and industrial plants all destroy the stratospheric ozone, and are a significant cause of global warming due to their higher concentration levels of greenhouse gases (Goudie, 2000). Positive and Negative

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

DISAPPEARANCE OF THE ANASAZI Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

DISAPPEARANCE OF THE ANASAZI - Research Paper Example History portrays that they were generally quite peaceful people who survived through trade and farming. Even so, the Anasazi later disappeared, causing many varied academic postulations. Various theories, such as climate change theories, religious theories, and cannibalism theory suggest different reasons for their disappearance. Climate change theories postulate that climatic changes led to the area receiving unreliable rainfall causing the community to leave. Drought theory postulates that the 1276-199. On the other hand, religious theories point out that certain religious practices must have been responsible for the disappearance of the Anasazi. Cannibalism theory asserts possible existence of a cannibal group is likely to have contributed to the disappearance of the Anasazi. All theories contribute to the understanding of the Anasazi. Disappearance of the Anasazi For a long time, major aspects of southwestern archaeology have continued to perplex many people. Despite the fact tha t there have been various theories that have substantially attempted to unravel the mystery behind the disappearance of the Anasazi, one may observe that even the most acceptable explanations remain largely postulations. Of course any reasonable person would ask why a community of people who live so peacefully could just abandon their civilizations and head into the unknown. Certainly there could be more than archaeology and other historical reconstruction methods may offer towards the explanation of the disappearance of the Anasazi (Catherine and Duff 2008). Even so, one may observe that quite substantial information about the Anasazi have been unraveled, thanks to historians. It appears that an understanding of the theories of disappearance of the Anasazi people cannot be sufficiently told without making efforts to understand the efforts their way of life. Understanding the way of life of the Anasazi will help in understanding how their society perceived life in its various dimens ions. Doing so enables one to assess and critique various theories that attempt to explain the disappearance of the Anasazi. This is because it could be that probably more than one theory can sufficiently and convincingly explain the disappearance of the Anasazi people. For the purposes of this paper, this paper shall briefly visit bring into light the organization of the Anasazi before proceeding to analyze the theories that make an effort to explain the disappearance of the Anasazi people (Peter 2004). Background History of the Anasazi Historical records have indicated that the Anasazi people had inhabited the vast plateaus of the American Southwest. They had adapted to the harsh climate and thrived in the sun-scorched mesas and cliffs. They occupied what one may observe as the current ruins of Mesa Verde, Chaco Canyon, and Canyon de Chelly. The remains still reveal a powerful evidence of a civilization that one may refer to as advanced given its time in history. It is intriguing to observe that much as the Anasazi do not any association with the Navajo people although the word Anasazi is a Navajo word. In fact the Navajo people just refer to them in what translates as â€Å"those before us† or in other translations as â€Å"ancient strangers.† This implies a missing link with other civilizations. They are likely not to have interacted with other civilizations; no wonder there has been no archaeological evidence of any weapons (Peter 2004). Assessment of the emergence of the Anasazi is found in the old legends. Although one must note well in advance that the origins of the Anasazi remain a mystery almost just as much as their disappearance. Even so, it is still vital to highlight that constructed legends have it that the original Anasazi had come out of the lower world

Oxford Guide to British and American Culture Essay Example for Free

Oxford Guide to British and American Culture Essay I would like to talk about the culture dictionary, more specifically about the Oxford Guide to British and American Culture. The importance of such dictionaries became unquestionable when the culturological approach to the study of languages appeared. This approach means the unity of the language and culture. To acquire a language, a person should have the knowledge of special features of communication, behavior, people’s mind, habits, values, traditions in the country which language he/she learns. Surely, the history and specific features of the particular country are embodied in its language. A language is a part of a culture. So the more you know culture of a particular country, the more you understand its language. In the most of dictionaries you can find cultural information and culture words. For example, â€Å"Whitehall† and â€Å"fly-fishing† in the Macmillan Dictionary and Thesaurus online, â€Å"Big Ben† in the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English online. КÐ °Ã'€Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ºÃ ¸ Ð ºÃ °Ã'€Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ºÃ ¸Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. But if we compare these words with the same words in the Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, we will see that the second dictionary gives us more information and explanations about particular words and even gives us a lot of illustrations. So I would like to talk about this dictionary. It is published by the Oxford university press. This is the most up-to-date Guide to British and American culture that gives us an insight into what’s important in both countries today, what’s popular, and what people feel strongly about. It’s written for learners of English, in language that’s easy to understand. This Guide includes 10 000 entries of such areas as history, monuments, legends, festivals, music, food, shopping, literature and so on. It also includes special entries with extra vocabulary on topics such as advertising, football, beer and soap operas. This vocabulary is highlighted in dark type. So let’s look at entries of this dictionary and find out what information we can find there. Entry words or phrases are in dark type. Almost Each entry has grammar information. ( a part of speech, if it is a noun (countable or uncountable, plural or single, if it is a verb, transitive or intransitive), information about the usage of this word or phrase. Many words have the derivatives section which is marked by the special symbol. Many words have a transcription and in some entries we can see both British and American pronunciation. And we can see the information bout a stress. Many words have subject, regional or stylistic labels. If we look at some entries we can see the number in round brackets. It indicates what sense this meaning refers to. For example, the word Manhattan in this entry has the number one. It means that this word is given in the first sense. Many entries have words that are marked by the special symbol ( a star). It indicates an item with its own entry. In this dictionary there are special notes that can help to find out not only the meaning of a particular word but also offer the vocabulary on this topic. The vocabulary is highlighted in dark type. Above some head words we can see numbers. They distinguish separate entries for people, places, etc with the same name. In entries that give the information about people we can see numbers in round brackets that indicate birth and death dates or birth of a living person. In this dictionary there are a lot of â€Å"dummy† entries referring to main entries elsewhere. It can help to find a particular word if you know only its abbreviation. Also the entry gives information about an abbreviation. In some entries there are variants of head words (entry words) and explanations of uncommon words used in entry. There are a lot of examples of their usage in italic type. Many words have many senses. So in entries we can see separate numbered parts. In entries there are cross-references to contrasted entries and related entries. Also this dictionary is very good because it has a lot of illustrations and well-known quotations associated with a character or a person and extracts of famous poems. In this Guide there are boxes with additional information. In entries we can see cultural connotations. Inside front cover we can find information about abbreviations, symbols and labels used in the Guide. Inside back cover there is information about pronunciation and phonetic symbols. In this Guide there are colour pages on history and institutions of Britain and the USA (Maps, history, political parties, education, the Legal System and so on) Using this Guide you can get ideas of what to read. You can choose from lists of books that won the Booker and other prizes plus suggestions for further reading. In conclusion, Id like to say that the Oxford Guide to British and American Culture is a great choice for people who want to find out as much as possible about the culture of Great Britain and the USA without visiting these countries.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Analysis of Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea

Analysis of Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea A Five-Point Plan Analysis + Theme Description The novel The Old Man and the Sea was written by Ernest Hemingway. It focuses on Santiago, an ageing and skilled fisherman who battles with a colossal marlin in the GulfofMexico. The motifs in the story include: the lions on the beach and crucifixion. In the novel, Santiago frequently dreams about lions on the beach: The first time is on the eve of his fishing expedition, the second one happens when he sleeps amidst his tussle with the marlin, while the third occurs at end of the novel. The lions appear as cubs, symbolizing his youth. When they later appear as adults, they signify great nobility and strength. This provides Santiago with motivation, ambition and vitality that lead him toward accomplishing his purpose. These dreams suggest life’s circular nature: The harmony between opposing forces of nature, which are love and hate, life and death, and destruction and regeneration. The crucifixion imagery is an evident way in which Santiago is equated to Christ.Similar to Christ, Santiago is patient and humble. Moreover, the illustration of the old man struggling uphill with his mast on his shoulders resembles Christ’s walk toward Calvary. There is a clear reflection of Christ on the cross when Santiago eventually lies down on his bed, with his bleeding arms stretched out. The author employs the crucifixion of Christ to exemplify transcendence by reversing defeat into triumph, loss into gain, and death into renewed life. The main theme of the story is heroism. Santiago makes up for his age with his endurance to withstand hunger, pain and isolation. He does not blame the sharks for snatching the marlin, but he acknowledges that it is his mistake to have ventured far inward into the sea. As a fisher who has caught no fish in 84 days, Santiago is fighting against defeat. However, he does not yield because he moves further into the sea than he has ever sailed before. He struggles with the marlin despite his exhaustion and pain. After catching it, he hopelessly fights off the sharks. Whenever the situation gets difficult and he is threatened with despair, he uses various tactics to stimulate his opposition to defeat: He recollects memories of his strength while he was young through dreams, and sometimes prays to God. Santiago has unlimited potentialities in the presence of danger. His potential is realized when he manages to get the giant marlin. However, the outcome is less significant than the struggle as he also chooses to battle with the sharks. As a result, it is not really important that he brings the marlin home; the important thing is he wins the battle, and after the struggle he becomes a hero. The story’s black hole is â€Å"a man can be destroyed but not defeated†. Santiago symbolizes every mans battle to survive. Just like Santiagos attempt to take the marlin to the mainland intact is unsuccessful, no man can escape death. However, through Santiagos struggle, the author illustrates that escaping from death is not the major concern. Santiago sees the words, a man can be destroyed but not defeated† close to the end of his tussle with the marlin. That is to say, victory over the unavoidable does not define a man. Rather, it is his struggle against the inevitable that defines him. Annotated Bibliography Melling, Philip. Cultural Imperialism, Afro-Cuban Religion, and Santiagos Failure in Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea.† Hemingway Review 26.1 (2006): 6-24. According to the Melling, the struggle with the sharks is a significant moment, as Santiago uses a wrecked oar to beat them. Santiagos wish to use a baseball bat instead is crucially important. This source is resourceful, because instead of dramatizing the symbolic and sacred wooden tool of the Afro-Cuban culture, the author uses Santiago to relive the actions of Joe DiMaggio who was an American baseball hero. DiMaggio was a fisherman’s son, and as a child he used to sneak from home to practice with a broken oar at nearby sandlots. Although Santiago does not possess DiMaggios skills, his mind works like that of a baseball player. DiMaggio was popular during the World War II, and his importance was reminded to Americans through a song sung by Lee Browns band. Santiagos interest in DiMaggio was deep, and was the outcome of numerous media coverage during the post-war period. Burhans Clinton S. The Old Man and the Sea: Hemingways Tragic Vision of Man. American Literature 31.4 (1960): 446. According to this source, out at sea, Santiago as a fisherman gains deep insight of himself and of his relationship with the world around him. He views the sea as a woman who gives or withholds great favors. He develops friendship and love for all creatures around him who share dangerous and unpredictable lives. His deepest love for the marlin arises when he recognizes that he must capture it for his profession and pride, and not for his physical need. The author is comprehensive and uses vivid imagery to show that unlike any other fish, the marlin was more of a spiritual entity in Santiagos eyes than a mere physical necessity. He shows that the marlin is Santiago’s worthy opponent. Santiago ultimately kills the marlin because he feels that they are now equals and that the marlin is his brother. The author claims Santiago has a sense of guilt and loneliness for sailing inwards into the sea, only to kill fish that he loved dearly. He believes he betrayed the fish and goes home with an empty sense of victory. Baskett, Sam S. Toward a Fifth Dimension in The Old Man and the Sea. The Centennial Review 19.4 (1975): 269-286. Baskett gives a detailed analysis of The Old Man and the Sea starting from biblical allusions to the aura of strangeness possessed by Santiago, which he claims contributes to Hemingway’s fifth dimensional prose. Baskett lists several examples of how Hemingway uses fifth dimensional prose, such as how Santiago is rarely referred to as â€Å"Santiago† but often referred to as â€Å"the old man†. This source is detailed because he begins to explain the biblical allusions found in Hemingway’s novel. Many comparisons made are between passages in the bible and the Santiago’s dreams about the lions are clear. Psychoanalytic Critical Theory Analysis The Old Man and the Sea is a simple story, but has a deeper message. It speaks of a man’s existence, where tenacity, pride, respect and dreams drive his mission to prosper in the presence of struggle. It is about Santiago’s unconquerable spirit because he stands as a representation of a mind-set toward life, and his expedition offers many lessons. Firstly, a man is not made for defeat. The old man has nothing but a dilapidated shed and a feeble skiff. His skin illustrates his hardships as it is marked with scars, wrinkles and blotches from the sun. Instead of giving up after 84 days of not catching any fish, he sails farther into the Gulf. A man continues to do whatever he must do to the best of his ability, no matter what tribulations befall him. While challenges and setbacks can strip a man of all outward signs of success, still his spirit can remain undefeated. For it can will a man to never give up and to keep on trying. Secondly, a man should not depend on luck. In Santiago’s small Cuban fishing village, he is called salao, which is the worst kind of bad luck. This makes him an outsider and it costs him his partner, Manolin, whose parents prevent him from fishing with him. While Santiago suffers from hunger and poverty, other fishermen successfully have good fish harvests every day. The story shows that anyone can have luck, but not everybody can have perseverance, skill and determination. Santiago knows this and he believes in his ability and not chance. Santiago believed that it was better to be lucky, but he preferred to exact. Thirdly, a man must bear hardship and pain without complaint. At sea, Santiago is faced with the greatest challenge that comes in the form of a huge marlin. Near the edge of his fatigue, his left hand is deeply cut. He washes the cut using the sea’s salt water and lets it dry in the sun. However, the hand refuses to heal and he is compelled to only use his right hand, against the marlin that is longer than his skiff. Santiago simplytakes his suffering as it comes. He is comfortable but suffering, even thoughhe does not acknowledge the suffering at all. Finally, a man seeks inspiration from others. For Santiago, Joe DiMaggio is the person who motivates him. He has traits that Santiago admires and he reminds him that to be successful one has to put all of oneself into a task and endure under difficulty. Review The Old Man and the Sea is a quick and easy read, with outstanding characters and excellent plot.Written in 1952, it is one of Hemingway’s most interesting works. Written in a language of great simplicity, it is the tale of an old Cuban fisherman, who is down on luck and in great suffering in a relentless and agonizing battle with an enormous marlin in the Gulf of Mexico. The author, Ernest Hemingway, recasts in a strikingly modern approach, the classic theme of courage in the presence of defeat. While it is impressive that the entire book tells a story that would usually just take a chapter in an ordinary book, it is also a great way to move the reader who wants something to take place outside of the boat. I would recommend this novel to my peers because of it is enjoyable to read. Pop Culture Connection Old Man and the Sea, is a rich showpiece of literature that is full of intended and assumed symbolism. It is a resource of pop culture: The novel reflects a universal pattern of socioeconomic transformation familiar even today amongst developing countries. In rural Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, the customary fishing culture that was isolated from the developed world and bound to extended families and closely knit communities started shifting to the material advancement of a fishing industry that was reliant on the modern world for its livelihood. This modern fishing industry was dependent on mechanized methods to guarantee profit, and was less bound to local communities and extended families.Inthe novel, the author depicts Santiago as a devoted fisherman whose expertise is fundamental to his identity, code of conduct, and natures order. However, Hemingway presents the younger fishermen as suppliers of shark livers for America’s cod liver oil industry, who utilize their prof its to buy motorized boats and mechanized equipment, and approach their fishing as a way to progress their material circumstances.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

The Impact of Music on the Mind, Body and Spirit Essay -- Exploratory

The Impact of Music on the Mind, Body and Spirit Music is fun. The very mention of the word seems to stir emotions that are exciting and interesting. The mind shifts to recall memories that have long passed, moments that could presently be experienced, or future events that will hold a place in one's heart and mind. In everything, there is sound. Where there is sound, there can be music. Where there is music, activities are taking place with implications affecting one's path in life. In an elementary schoolroom, kindergardeners are learning the ABC song to go home and sing to their parents. Later, these kids are learning to not step on their date's feet on a gym floor at their first school dance. Years later, a team is preparing with exhilarating sounds to clash with their rivals. As this class of students is graduating, they reminisce during their class song. These events will shape their lives with the things they have learned along the way. I am a music fan and a supporter of learning, and, with this project, I learned that both had a connection. As a report, this paper tells of the ways having music in one's life benefits mentally, physically, and emotionally. The power of music stimulates brain growth in the uterus and during the early years of childhood. Also, it positively affects emotional awareness and attitudes from before birth and onward. One can build a comprehension of the world by the provision of patterns given by music. The ability to crawl, walk, and run is developed with more ease. Additionally, the use of sound improves language arts, which vocabulary and expressiveness. "As an integral part of culture, past and present, it helps pupils understand themselves and relate to others, forging important links... ...thin You. Simon & Schuster, Inc. New York 1985 p.186 Leviton, Richard. Brain Builders! West Nyack, NY: Parker Publishing Company, Inc. MENC staff. "Music Education Facts and Figures." Music Education Facts and Figures. December27,2003.[online]Available:http://www.menc.org/information/advocate/facts.html Nqnet. "Welcome to Instep Online." Accelerated Learning-Music to Help You Learn. December 19, 2003.[online]Available:www.nqnet.com/accelerated_learning.html Ortiz, John M. Nurturing Your Child with Music. Hillsboro, OR: Beyond Words Publishing, Inc. Schoen, Max. The Psychology of Music. The Ronald Press Company. New York 1940 p.91 Vos, Jeannette. "Parenting for K-6 Children." Music for Education. December 27, 2003. [online] Available: childparenting.about.com Weinberger, Norman M. "The Music in Our Minds." Educational Leadership Nov. 1998:36-39

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Cochlear Implants and the Internet :: Health Disability

On-line communities are something I have never participated in. I have always felt (due to personal observations of friends using chat rooms and listening to other’s renditions of their experiences) these communities can, and most often do, consume inordinate amounts of time and spare time is a rare commodity for me. Beyond the time consumption, from my observations of chat rooms, there are rarely any well-thought-out responses to the topic of discussion. In fact, often there are inane and childish retorts that just stir up the emotions of those involved and tend to sidetrack the majority as they rally against the perpetrator. On the other hand, I assume there are places where professionals can have relevant and introspective discussions, but I had never viewed, participated in or even read archived logs of such discourse. I imagine these â€Å"professional† discussions could be highly beneficial interactions for problem solving, as well as being supportive while offering constructive criticism. Since my specialty is education of the deaf and hard-of-hearing (D/HH), I have been exposed to the highly emotionally charged debates on the issue of cochlear implants (CI). I was interested in finding out how easy (or difficult) it would be for hearing parents with deaf children to receive balanced and unbiased information on cochlear implants. Could they acquire the knowledge they would need in order to make informed decisions on behalf of their children on the World Wide Web? For those unfamiliar with CIs, the simplest explanation is to think of it as a high powered hearing aid which is surgically implanted in the recipient’s head (actually the inner ear) and feeds electrical impulses directly to the brain. It does not take away or alter a person’s deafness. When the processor is on, the implant stimulates hearing. When it is turned off, the hearing is gone. Maybe a short description of the process would be appropriate to insert here before continuing. First a recess is drilled in the temporal bone of the skull (behind the ear) and a magnetic disk is placed in this well. Connected to this disk is a wire—actually a bundle of wires depending on the CI’s number of channels or frequencies.